Operation-Aware Deterministic Global Optimization of Carnot Battery Design using Hybrid Modeling

The global demand for grid-scale energy storage continues to increase. Carnot batteries (CBs) are not geographically constrained and consist of mature components. Furthermore, charging power, discharging power, and storage capacity can be sized independently and tailored to the intended use case. Designing an optimal CB also requires considering the resulting operational behavior. While design and … Read more