Reducing inefficient truck movements, this research investigates the potential of freight consolidation through carrier collaboration.
Considering the financial benefits of consolidation and the additional cost arising from collaboration, we propose a cooperative game to explore under which circumstances carriers can collaborate.
We show that stable cost allocations are not always possible, affecting stability and thus hindering collaboration, though stability is guaranteed under certain conditions.
Numerical experiments indicate, however, that sustainable collaboration is likely outside of the extreme cases.
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