## Proximal Point Algorithm on the Stiefel Manifold

In this paper, we consider the problem of minimizing a continuously differentiable function on the Stiefel manifold. To solve this problem, we develop a geodesic-free proximal point algorithm, which does not require the use of the Riemannian distance. The proposed method can be regarded as an iterative fixed-point method, which repeatedly applies a proximal operator … Read more

## A Penalty-free Infeasible Approach for a Class of Nonsmooth Optimization Problems over the Stiefel Manifold

Transforming into an exact penalty function model with convex compact constraints yields efficient infeasible approaches for optimization problems with orthogonality constraints. For smooth and L21-norm regularized cases, these infeasible approaches adopt simple and orthonormalization-free updating schemes and show high efficiency in some numerical experiments. However, to avoid orthonormalization while enforcing the feasibility of the final … Read more

## Exact Penalty Function for L21 Norm Minimization over the Stiefel Manifold

L21 norm minimization with orthogonality constraints, feasible region of which is called Stiefel manifold, has wide applications in statistics and data science. The state-of-the-art approaches adopt proximal gradient technique on either Stiefel manifold or its tangent spaces. The consequent subproblem does not have closed-form solution and hence requires an iterative procedure to solve which is … Read more

## A Class of Smooth Exact Penalty Function Methods for Optimization Problems with Orthogonality Constraints

Updating the augmented Lagrangian multiplier by closed-form expression yields efficient first-order infeasible approach for optimization problems with orthogonality constraints. Hence, parallelization becomes tractable in solving this type of problems. Inspired by this closed-form updating scheme, we propose an exact penalty function model with compact convex constraints (PenC). We show that PenC can act as an … Read more

## A New First-order Algorithmic Framework for Optimization Problems with Orthogonality Constraints

In this paper, we consider a class of optimization problems with orthogonality constraints, the feasible region of which is called the Stiefel manifold. Our new framework combines a function value reduction step with a correction step. Different from the existing approaches, the function value reduction step of our algorithmic framework searches along the standard Euclidean … Read more

## A Framework of Constraint Preserving Update Schemes for Optimization on Stiefel Manifold

This paper considers optimization problems on the Stiefel manifold $X^TX=I_p$, where $X\in \mathbb{R}^{n \times p}$ is the variable and $I_p$ is the $p$-by-$p$ identity matrix. A framework of constraint preserving update schemes is proposed by decomposing each feasible point into the range space of $X$ and the null space of $X^T$. While this general framework … Read more

## A Feasible method for Optimization with Orthogonality Constraints

Minimization with orthogonality constraints (e.g., $X^\top X = I$) and/or spherical constraints (e.g., $\|x\|_2 = 1$) has wide applications in polynomial optimization, combinatorial optimization, eigenvalue problems, sparse PCA, p-harmonic flows, 1-bit compressive sensing, matrix rank minimization, etc. These problems are difficult because the constraints are not only non-convex but numerically expensive to preserve during iterations. … Read more