Applications – Science and Engineering

An Improved Method of Total Variation Superiorization Applied to Reconstruction in Proton Computed Tomography

  • Yair Censor
  • Paniz Karbasi
  • Keith E. Schubert
  • Reinhard W. Schulte
  • Blake Schultze
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Constrained Nonlinear Optimization, Convex Optimization Tags , , , , ,

    Previous work showed that total variation superiorization (TVS) improves reconstructed image quality in proton computed tomography (pCT). The structure of the TVS algorithm has evolved since then and this work investigated if this new algorithmic structure provides additional benefits to pCT image quality. Structural and parametric changes introduced to the original TVS algorithm included: (1) … Read more

    SOS-Convex Lyapunov Functions and Stability of Difference Inclusions

  • Amir Ali Ahmadi
  • Raphaël Jungers
    • Categories Control Applications, Convex Optimization, Semi-definite Programming Tags , , , , ,

    We introduce the concept of sos-convex Lyapunov functions for stability analysis of both linear and nonlinear difference inclusions (also known as discrete-time switched systems). These are polynomial Lyapunov functions that have an algebraic certificate of convexity and that can be efficiently found via semidefinite programming. We prove that sos-convex Lyapunov functions are universal (i.e., necessary … Read more

    On Algebraic Proofs of Stability for Homogeneous Vector Fields

  • Amir Ali Ahmadi
  • Bachir El Khadir
    • Categories Control Applications, Semi-definite Programming, Systems governed by Differential Equations Optimization Tags , , ,

    We prove that if a homogeneous, continuously differentiable vector field is asymptotically stable, then it admits a Lyapunov function which is the ratio of two polynomials (i.e., a rational function). We further show that when the vector field is polynomial, the Lyapunov inequalities on both the rational function and its derivative have sum of squares … Read more

    A Distributed Quasi-Newton Algorithm for Empirical Risk Minimization with Nonsmooth Regularization

  • Stephen Wright
  • Cong Han Lim
  • Ching-pei Lee
    • Categories Data-Mining, Nonlinear Optimization, Parallel Algorithms Tags , , , , , , ,

    We propose a communication- and computation-efficient distributed optimization algorithm using second-order information for solving ERM problems with a nonsmooth regularization term. Current second-order and quasi-Newton methods for this problem either do not work well in the distributed setting or work only for specific regularizers. Our algorithm uses successive quadratic approximations, and we describe how to … Read more

    Radar Waveform Optimization for Joint Radar Communications Performance

  • Daniel W. Bliss
  • Hans D Mittelmann
  • Alex R. Chiriyath
  • Shankarachary Ragi
    • Categories Applications - Science and Engineering Tags , , , ,

    We develop and present a radar waveform design method that optimizes the spectral shape of the radar waveform so that joint performance of a cooperative radar-communications system is maximized. The continuous water-filling (WF) spectralmask shaping method presented in this paper is based the previously derived spectral-mask shaping technique. However, the method presented in this paper … Read more

    An algorithm for computing Frechet means on the sphere

  • Gabriele Eichfelder
  • Thomas Hotz
  • Johannes Wieditz
    • Categories Global Optimization, Statistics Tags , ,

    For most optimisation methods an essential assumption is the vector space structure of the feasible set. This condition is not fulfilled if we consider optimisation problems over the sphere. We present an algorithm for solving a special global problem over the sphere, namely the determination of Frechet means, which are points minimising the mean distance … Read more

    A realistic energy optimization model for smart-home appliances

  • Miguel F. Anjos
  • Michael David de Souza Dutra
  • Sébastien Le Digabel
    • Categories Energy Tags , , , ,

    Smart homes have the potential to achieve optimal energy consumption with appropriate scheduling. The control of smart appliances can be based on optimization models, which should be realistic and efficient. However, increased realism also implies an increase in solution time. Many of the optimization models in the literature have limitations on the types of appliances … Read more

    Cut-Pursuit Algorithm for Regularizing Nonsmooth Functionals with Graph Total Variation

  • Landrieu Loïc
  • Hugo Raguet
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Data-Mining, Nonsmooth Optimization

    We present an extension of the cut-pursuit algorithm, introduced by Landrieu and Obozinski (2017), to the graph total-variation regularization of functions with a separable nondifferentiable part. We propose a modified algorithmic scheme as well as adapted proofs of convergence. We also present a heuristic approach for handling the cases in which the values associated to … Read more

    FINITE ELEMENT MODEL UPDATING FOR STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS

  • Maria Girardi
  • Margherita Porcelli
  • Cristina Padovani
  • Daniele Pellegrini
  • Leonardo Robol
    • Categories Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nonlinear Optimization Tags , , , ,

    A novel method for performing model updating on finite element models is presented. The approach is particularly tailored to modal analyses of buildings, by which the lowest frequencies, obtained by using sensors and system identification approaches, need to be matched to the numerical ones predicted by the model. This is done by optimizing some unknown … Read more

    Combinatorial Integral Approximation for Mixed-Integer PDE-Constrained Optimization Problems

  • Mirko Hahn
  • Sebastian Sager
    • Categories (Mixed) Integer Nonlinear Programming, Optimization of Systems modeled by PDEs, Systems governed by Differential Equations Optimization Tags , , ,

    We apply the basic principles underlying combinatorial integral approximation methods for mixed-integer optimal control with ordinary differential equations in general, and the sum-up rounding algorithm specifically, to optimization problems with partial differential equation (PDE) constraints. By doing so, we identify two possible generalizations that are applicable to problems involving PDE constraints with mesh-dependent integer variables, … Read more