Biomedical Applications

Superiorization vs. Accelerated Convex Optimization: The Superiorized/Regularized Least-Squares Case

  • Yair Censor
  • Stefania Petra
  • Christoph Schnörr
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Constrained Nonlinear Optimization, Convex Optimization Tags , , , , , ,

    In this paper we conduct a study of both superiorization and optimization approaches for the reconstruction problem of superiorized/regularized solutions to underdetermined systems of linear equations with nonnegativity variable bounds. Specifically, we study a (smoothed) total variation regularized least-squares problem with nonnegativity constraints. We consider two approaches: (a) a superiorization approach that, in contrast to … Read more

    Expert-Enhanced Machine Learning for Cardiac Arrhythmia Classification

  • Felix Bernhardt
  • Maximilian Merkert
  • Andreas Potschka
  • Sebastian Sager
  • Hugo Katus
  • Florian Kehrle
  • Benjamin Meder
  • Eberhard Scholz
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Combinatorial Optimization Tags , , , , ,

    We propose a new method for the classification task of distinguishing atrial Fibrillation (AFib) from regular atrial tachycardias including atrial Flutter (AFlu) on the basis of a surface electrocardiogram (ECG). Although recently many approaches for an automatic classification of cardiac arrhythmia were proposed, to our knowledge none of them can distinguish between these two. We … Read more

    Branch-and-cut-and-price for the Cardinality-constrained Multi-cycle Problem in Kidney Exchange

  • Edward Lam
  • Vicky Mak-Hau
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Branch and Cut Algorithms, Graphs and Matroids Tags , , , , , , ,

    The establishment of kidney exchange programs has dramatically improved rates for kidney transplants by matching donors to compatible patients who would otherwise fail to receive a kidney for transplant. Rather than simply swapping kidneys between two patient-donor pairs, having multiple patient-donors pairs simultaneously donate kidneys in a cyclic manner enables all participants to receive a … Read more

    Objective Selection for Cancer Treatment: An Inverse Optimization Approach

  • Temitayo Ajayi
  • Andrew J. Schaefer
  • Taewoo Lee
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Convex and Nonsmooth Optimization, Multi-Criteria Optimization Tags , , , , , ,

    In radiation therapy treatment-plan optimization, selecting a set of clinical objectives that are tractable and parsimonious yet effective is a challenging task. In clinical practice, this is typically done by trial and error based on the treatment planner’s subjective assessment, which often makes the planning process inefficient and inconsistent. We develop the objective selection problem … Read more

    Adjustable robust treatment-length optimization in radiation therapy

  • Ali Ajdari
  • Thomas Bortfeld
  • Dick den Hertog
  • Stefan ten Eikelder
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Robust Optimization Tags , ,

    Traditionally, optimization of radiation therapy (RT) treatment plans has been done before the initiation of RT course, using population-wide estimates for patients’ response to therapy. However, recent technological advancements have enabled monitoring individual patient response during the RT course, in the form of biomarkers. Although biomarker data remains subject to substantial uncertainties, information extracted from … Read more

    Derivative-Free Superiorization With Component-Wise Perturbations

  • Yair Censor
  • Howard Heaton
  • Reinhard W. Schulte
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Constrained Nonlinear Optimization, Nonsmooth Optimization Tags , , , , ,

    Superiorization reduces, not necessarily minimizes, the value of a target function while seeking constraints-compatibility. This is done by taking a solely feasibility-seeking algorithm, analyzing its perturbations resilience, and proactively perturbing its iterates accordingly to steer them toward a feasible point with reduced value of the target function. When the perturbation steps are computationally efficient, this … Read more

    Superiorization and perturbation resilience of algorithms: A continuously updated bibliography

  • Yair Censor
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Constrained Nonlinear Optimization Tags ,

    This document presents a, chronologically ordered, bibliography of scientific publications on the superiorization methodology and perturbation resilience of algorithms which is compiled and continuously updated by us at: http://math.haifa.ac.il/yair/bib-superiorization-censor.html. Since the topic is relatively new it is possible to trace the work that has been published about it since its inception. To the best of … Read more

    An Improved Method of Total Variation Superiorization Applied to Reconstruction in Proton Computed Tomography

  • Yair Censor
  • Paniz Karbasi
  • Keith E. Schubert
  • Reinhard W. Schulte
  • Blake Schultze
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Constrained Nonlinear Optimization, Convex Optimization Tags , , , , ,

    Previous work showed that total variation superiorization (TVS) improves reconstructed image quality in proton computed tomography (pCT). The structure of the TVS algorithm has evolved since then and this work investigated if this new algorithmic structure provides additional benefits to pCT image quality. Structural and parametric changes introduced to the original TVS algorithm included: (1) … Read more

    Cut-Pursuit Algorithm for Regularizing Nonsmooth Functionals with Graph Total Variation

  • Landrieu Loïc
  • Hugo Raguet
    • Categories Biomedical Applications, Data-Mining, Nonsmooth Optimization

    We present an extension of the cut-pursuit algorithm, introduced by Landrieu and Obozinski (2017), to the graph total-variation regularization of functions with a separable nondifferentiable part. We propose a modified algorithmic scheme as well as adapted proofs of convergence. We also present a heuristic approach for handling the cases in which the values associated to … Read more

    A multi-period production and distribution optimization model for radiopharmaceuticals

  • Ioannis G. Akrotirianakis
  • Amit Chakraborty
    • Categories (Mixed) Integer Nonlinear Programming, Biomedical Applications, Production and Logistics Tags , , ,

    This paper addresses the manufacturing and distribution of short-lived radio-pharmaceuticals which are mainly used in diagnostic imaging studies. We develop a mixed integer nonlinear optimization model that is flexible enough to capture the complex underlying nuclear physics of the production process of fludeoxyglucose (FDG), which is widely used in oncology and cardiology, as well as … Read more